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Art museum in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Philadelphia Museum of Art

Main building to northwest of Center City, at Eakins Oval
Location inside Philadelphia Testify map of Philadelphia Philadelphia Museum of Art (Pennsylvania) Testify map of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Museum of Art (the United States) Show map of the United States
Established	February 1876 (1876-02) [2]
Location	2600 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania[i]
Coordinates	39°57′58″N 75°10′52″West  /  39.966°N 75.181°W  / 39.966; -75.181 Coordinates: 39°57′58″North 75°x′52″Due west  /  39.966°N 75.181°W  / 39.966; -75.181
Type	Fine art museum
Drove size	240,000[iii]
Visitors	793,000 (2017)[4]
Director	Timothy Rub[5]
President	Gail Harrity
Chairperson	Constance H. Williams
Architect	Horace Trumbauer Zantzinger, Borie and Medary Howell Lewis Shay Julian Abele
Public transit access	SEPTA bus: 38, 43 Philly PHLASH, Suburban Station
Website	www.philamuseum.org
Philadelphia Annals of Historic Places

The Philadelphia Museum of Fine art is an art museum originally chartered in 1876 for the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia.^[2] The main museum edifice was completed in 1928^[6] on Fairmount, a loma located at the northwest stop of the Benjamin Franklin Parkway at Eakins Oval.^[1] The museum administers collections containing over 240,000 objects including major holdings of European, American and Asian origin.^[3] The various classes of artwork include sculpture, paintings, prints, drawings, photographs, armor, and decorative arts.^[3]

The Philadelphia Museum of Art administers several annexes including the Rodin Museum, also located on the Benjamin Franklin Parkway, and the Ruth and Raymond One thousand. Perelman Building, which is located beyond the street only north of the primary building.^[7] The Perelman Edifice, which opened in 2007,^[8] houses more than than 150,000 prints, drawings and photographs, along with 30,000 costume and textile pieces, and over 1,000 modern and gimmicky design objects including furniture, ceramics and glasswork.^[nine] The museum besides administers the historic colonial-era houses of Mount Pleasant and Cedar Grove, both located in Fairmount Park.^[10] The main museum building and its annexes are owned by the City of Philadelphia and administered by a registered nonprofit corporation.^[vii]

Several special exhibitions are held in the museum every year, including touring exhibitions arranged with other museums in the United States and abroad.^{[11] [12]} The museum had 437,348 visitors in 2021, ranking 65th on the List of most-visited art museums worldwide.^[xiii]

History [edit]

Philadelphia celebrated the 100th ceremony of the Declaration of Independence with the Centennial Exposition in 1876. Memorial Hall, which contained the art gallery, was intended to outlive the Exposition and house a permanent museum. Following the example of London's Southward Kensington Museum, the new museum was to focus on applied art and scientific discipline, and provide a schoolhouse to railroad train craftsmen in drawing, painting, modeling, and designing.^[2]

The Pennsylvania Museum and Schoolhouse of Industrial Art opened on May ten, 1877. (The school became independent of the museum in 1964 and is now role of the Academy of the Arts). The museum's drove began with objects from the Exposition and gifts from the public impressed with the Exposition'due south ideals of skillful design and craftsmanship. European and Japanese fine and decorative fine art objects and books for the museum's library were among the start donations. The location outside of Center Metropolis, notwithstanding, was fairly afar from many of the city'south inhabitants.^[14] Admission was charged until 1881, then was dropped until 1962.^[15]

Starting in 1882, Clara Jessup Moore donated a remarkable collection of antiquarian furniture, enamels, carved ivory, jewelry, metalwork, glass, ceramics, books, textiles and paintings. The Countess de Brazza's lace collection was acquired in 1894 forming the nucleus of the lace collection. In 1892 Anna H. Wilstach bequeathed a large painting collection, including many American paintings, and an endowment of half a 1000000 dollars for boosted purchases. Works past James Abbott McNeill Whistler and George Inness were purchased within a few years and Henry Ossawa Tanner'due south The Announcement was bought in 1899.^[15]

Fairmount Parkway plan, 1917

In the early 1900s, the museum started an instruction program for the general public, as well as a membership plan.^[sixteen] Fiske Kimball was the museum director during the rapid growth of the mid- to late-1920s, which included one million visitors in 1928—the new building's first twelvemonth. The museum enlarged its print collection in 1928 with about five,000 One-time Master prints and drawings from the souvenir of Charles M. Lea, including French, German language, Italian, and Netherlandish engravings.^[six] Major exhibitions of the 1930s included works by Eakins, Manet, Renoir, Cézanne, van Gogh, and Degas.^[17] In the 1940s, the museum's major gifts and acquisitions included the collections of John D. McIlhenny (Oriental carpets), George Grey Barnard (sculpture), and Alfred Stieglitz (photography).^[18]

Early modern art dominated the growth of the collections in the 1950s, with acquisitions of the Louise and Walter Arensberg and the A.Eastward. Gallatin collections. The gift of Philadelphian Grace Kelly's wedding wearing apparel is perchance the best known souvenir of the 1950s.^[xix]

All-encompassing renovation of the building lasted from the 1960s through 1976. Major acquisitions included the Carroll South. Tyson, Jr. and Samuel S. White Iii and Vera White collections, 71 objects from designer Elsa Schiaparelli, and Marcel Duchamp'due south Étant donnés. In 1976 there were celebrations and special exhibitions for the centennial of the museum and the bicentennial of the nation. During the concluding 3 decades major acquisitions accept included After the Bathroom by Edgar Degas and Fifty Days at Iliam by Cy Twombly.^[19]

Main building [edit]

The Urban center Quango of Philadelphia funded a contest in 1895 to design a new museum building,^[15] but it was not until 1907 that plans were offset made to construct it on Fairmount, a rocky loma topped by the urban center'south main reservoir. The Fairmount Parkway (renamed Benjamin Franklin Parkway), a yard boulevard that cut diagonally across the grid of city streets, was designed to terminate at the foot of the colina. But in that location were alien views about whether to cock a single museum building, or a number of buildings to house individual collections. The architectural firms of Horace Trumbauer and Zantzinger, Borie and Medary collaborated for more than than a decade to resolve these issues. The last design is generally credited to 2 architects in Trumbauer's firm: Howell Lewis Shay for the building's plan and massing, and Julian Abele for the detail work and perspective drawings.^[20] In 1902, Abele had become the beginning African-American student to exist graduated from the Academy of Pennsylvania'southward Department of Architecture, which is soon known as Penn's School of Design.^[21] Abele adjusted classical Greek temple columns for the design of the museum entrances, and was responsible for the colors of both the edifice stone and the figures added to one of the pediments.^[22]

Structure of the main edifice began in 1919, when Mayor Thomas B. Smith laid the cornerstone in a Masonic anniversary. Because of shortages caused past Globe War I and other delays, the new building was not completed until 1928.^[19] The building was synthetic with dolomite quarried in Minnesota.^[23] The wings were intentionally congenital first, to assist assure the continued funding for the completion of the design. Once the building's outside was completed, twenty second-floor galleries containing English and American art opened to the public on March 26, 1928, though a large amount of interior work was incomplete.^[6]

Pediment with polychrome sculpture by Jennewein and Solon on the north wing, at the east archway

The building'due south viii pediments were intended to exist adorned with sculpture groups. The simply pediment that has been completed, Western Civilization (1933) by C. Paul Jennewein, colored by Leon V. Solon, features polychrome sculptures of painted terra-cotta figures depicting Greek deities and mythological figures.^[24] The sculpture group was awarded the Medal of Honor of the Architectural League of New York.^[25]

The building is also adorned by a collection of bronze griffins, which were adopted every bit the symbol of the museum in the 1970s.^[xiv]

Listing of directors [edit]

Below is the listing of directors of the Philadelphia Museum of Art:

• Timothy Rub, 2009–present
• Anne d'Harnoncourt, 1982–2008
• Jean Sutherland Boggs, 1978–1982^[26]
• Evan Hopkins Turner, 1964–1977^[27]
• Arnold H. Jolles, 1977–1979 (acting)^[28]
• Henri Gabriel Marceau, 1955–1964^[29]
• Fiske Kimball, 1925–1955
• Sr. Samuel W. Woodhouse, 1923–1925 (interim)^[xxx]
• Langdon Warner, 1917–1923^[31]
• Edwin Atlee Barber, 1907–1916^[32]
• William Platt Pepper, 1899–1907
• Dalton Dorr, 1892–1899^[33]
• William W. Justice, 1879–1880
• William Platt Pepper, 1877–1879

List of Chairs of the Lath of Trustees

Below is the list of directors of the Philadelphia Museum of Fine art:

• Leslie A. Miller 2016–present^[34]
• Constance H. Williams 2010-2016
• Gerry Lenfest 2001-2009
• Raymond Perlman 1991-2001^[34]

Collections [edit]

The museum houses more than than 240,000 objects,^[3] highlighting the creative achievements of the Western globe and those of Asia, in more than than 200 galleries spanning 2,000 years.^[35] The museum's collections of Egyptian and Roman art, besides as many of its Pre-Columbian works, were relocated to the Penn Museum after an commutation agreement was made whereby the museum houses the university's collection of Chinese porcelain.^[36]

Highlights of the Asian collections include paintings and sculpture from China, Japan, and Bharat; furniture and decorative arts, including major collections of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean ceramics; a large and distinguished group of Persian and Turkish carpets; and rare and authentic architectural assemblages such as a Chinese palace hall, a Japanese teahouse, and a 16th-century Indian temple hall.^[3]

The European collections, dating from the medieval era to the present, comprehend Italian and Flemish early-Renaissance masterworks; potent representations of afterward European paintings, including French Impressionism and Post-Impressionism; sculpture, with a special concentration in the works of Auguste Rodin; decorative arts; tapestries; furniture; the 2nd-largest collection of artillery and armor in the United States; and period rooms and architectural settings ranging from the facade of a medieval church in Burgundy to a superbly decorated English drawing room by Robert Adam.^[iii]

The museum'south American collections, surveying more than than 3 centuries of painting, sculpture, and decorative arts, are among the finest in the United States, with outstanding strengths in 18th- and 19th-century Philadelphia furniture and silver, Pennsylvania German language art, rural Pennsylvania furniture and ceramics, and the paintings of Thomas Eakins. The museum houses the virtually important Eakins collection in the globe.^[iii]

Modernistic artwork includes works by Pablo Picasso, Jean Metzinger, Antonio Rotta, Albert Gleizes, Marcel Duchamp, Salvador Dalí and Constantin Brâncuși, as well as American modernists. The expanding collection of contemporary art includes major works by Agnes Martin, Cy Twombly, Jasper Johns, and Sol LeWitt, amid many others.^[3]

The museum houses encyclopedic holdings of costume and textiles, as well as prints, drawings, and photographs that are displayed in rotation for reasons of preservation.^[iii]

The Carl Otto Kretzschmar von Kienbusch Collection [edit]

Armor, Milan, Italy, c.1600

The museum too houses the armor collection of Carl Otto Kretzschmar von Kienbusch. The Von Kienbusch drove was ancestral by the celebrated collector to the museum in 1976, the Bicentennial Ceremony of the American Revolution. The Von Kienbusch holdings are comprehensive and include European and Southwest Asian arms and armor spanning several centuries.^[37]

On May 30, 2000, the museum and the State Art Collections in Dresden, Federal republic of germany (Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden), announced an understanding for the return of five pieces of armor stolen from Dresden during World War II.^[38] In 1953, Von Kienbusch had unsuspectingly purchased the armor, which was part of his 1976 heritance. Von Kienbusch published catalogs of his collection, which somewhen led Dresden authorities to bring the affair up with the museum.^{[39] [xl]}

Special exhibitions [edit]

Each yr the museum organizes several special exhibitions.^{[11] [12]} Special exhibitions have featured Salvador Dalí in 2005,^[41] Paul Cézanne in 2009,^[42] Auguste Renoir in 2010,^[43] Vincent van Gogh in 2012,^[44] Pablo Picasso in 2014,^[45] John James Audubon and Andy Warhol (et al.) in 2016,^[46] Winslow Homer and John Vocalist Sargent in 2017,^[47] and the Duchamp siblings—Marcel, Gaston, Raymond and Suzanne—in 2019.^[48] A Jasper Johns exhibition is planned for 2021.^{[49] [50]}

In 2009, the museum organized Bruce Nauman: Topological Gardens, the official United States entry at the 53rd International Fine art Exhibition, more normally known as the Venice Biennale, for which the artist Bruce Nauman was awarded the Golden Lion.^[51]

Gallery expansion [edit]

The west archway covered during construction in 2008

Due to loftier attendance and flood collections, the museum announced in October 2006 that Frank Gehry would design a edifice expansion. The 80,000-foursquare-foot (7,400 m^two) gallery will be built entirely underground behind the east entrance stairs and volition non alter any of the museum'southward existing Greek revival facade. The construction was initially projected to terminal a decade and cost $500 million. It will increment the museum's available display space by sixty percent and house by and large gimmicky sculpture, Asian art, and special exhibitions.^{[52] [53]}

Uncertainty was cast on the plans by the 2008 expiry of Anne d'Harnoncourt, but new director Timothy Rub, who had initiated a $350 million expansion at the Cleveland Museum of Art, will be carrying out the plans every bit scheduled. In 2010, Gehry attended the groundbreaking for the second phase of the expansion, due to exist completed in 2012. In that phase, a new art handling facility was created on the southward side of the edifice, enabling the museum to reclaim a street level archway, closed since the mid-1970s, which leads to a 640-foot (200 1000)-long vaulted walkway that extends across the museum and is original to the 1928 building.^[54] The north entrance will be reopened to the public as a part of the "core project", which is scheduled for completion in 2020.^[55] The core projection also focuses on the interior of the current edifice and will add ninety,000 square anxiety (8,400 thou²) of public space, including xi,500 square feet (1,070 grand²) of new gallery space for American art and contemporary art.^[56] In improver, a new space called the forum volition be created, along with dining and retail spaces. Said Gehry: "When it's done, people coming to this museum will have an experience that'due south as big equally Bilbao. It won't exist apparent from the outside, but information technology will knock their socks off inside."^{[53] [57]}

In March 2017 the museum announced a $525 million campaign.^[56] The cadre project is budgeted at $196 1000000 and will be funded through the campaign.^[56] The museum likewise announced that more 62 percentage of the campaign goal has been met, every bit of March 30, 2017.^[56]

The most controversial function of the Gehry design remains a proposed window and amphitheater to be cutting into the e entrance stairs.^[58] Others have criticized the design as likewise tame.^[59] The Gehry expansion is projected to be completed past 2028.^[threescore]

Collection highlights – paintings [edit]

See also Category:Paintings of the Philadelphia Museum of Fine art.

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  Thomas Eakins, William Rush Etching his Emblematic Figure of Schuylkill River, 1876–1877

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  Marc Chagall, Trois heures et demie (Le poète), One-half-By 3 (The Poet), 1911

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In popular culture [edit]

Besides being known for its architecture and collections, the Philadelphia Museum of Art has in contempo decades get known due to the role it played in the Rocky films—Rocky (1976) and half dozen of its 7 sequels, II, Iii, V, Rocky Balboa, Creed, and Creed II. Visitors to the museum are oftentimes seen mimicking Rocky Balboa's (portrayed by Sylvester Stallone) famous run up the east entrance stairs, informally nicknamed the Rocky Steps.^[61] Screen Junkies named the museum's stairs the second most famous pic location backside only Grand Fundamental Station in New York.^[62]

An 8.5 ft (2.6 m) tall bronze statue of the Rocky Balboa graphic symbol was commissioned in 1980 and placed at the top of the stairs in 1982 for the filming of Rocky 3. Afterward filming was complete, Stallone donated the statue to the city of Philadelphia. The Philadelphia Art Commission somewhen decided to relocate the statue to the now-defunct Spectrum sports arena due to controversy over its prominent placement at the top of the museum's front end stairs and questions about its creative merit. The statue was placed briefly on top of the stairs once more for the film Rocky V and so returned to the Spectrum. In 2006, the statue was relocated to a new brandish area on the north side of the base of the stairs.^{[63] [64]}

Alive 8, Ben Franklin Parkway, museum in the altitude, 2005

The museum provides the backdrop for concerts and parades because of its location at the terminate of the Ben Franklin Parkway. The museum's east entrance area played host to the American venue of the international Live 8 concert held on July 2, 2005, with musical artists including Dave Matthews Ring, Linkin Park and Maroon 5.^[65] The Philadelphia Liberty Concert, orchestrated and headlined by Elton John, was held two days later on the same outdoor stage from the Alive 8 concert^[66] while a preceding brawl was held within the museum.^[67]

On September 26, 2015, the Festival of Families effect, attended by Pope Francis, was held along the Ben Franklin Parkway with musical performances by diverse acts within Eakins Oval in forepart of the museum, besides as in Logan Foursquare.^{[68] [69] [70]}

On April 27, 2017, the 2017 NFL Draft was held at the museum through April 29 of that twelvemonth.

On February 8, 2018, the victory parade for the Philadelphia Eagles' win in Super Bowl LII finished upon the museum steps, where players and team personnel gave speeches from a lectern to the large crowd gathered along Ben Franklin Parkway.^[71]

See too [edit]

• tertiary Sculpture International
  • 70 Sculptors, photograph by Herbert Gehr
• Barnes Foundation
• Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
• Woodmere Art Museum

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b} "Philadelphia Museum of Art: Homepage". Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved March 3, 2016.
2. ^ ^{a b c} "Centennial Origins: 1874–1876". History. Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved May 21, 2012.
3. ^ ^{a b c d east f m h i} "Search Collections". Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved February 25, 2016.
4. ^ Robert T. Rambo (n.d.). "2017 Annual Report" (PDF). Philadelphia Museum of Fine art. p. 19 (of PDF file). Archived (PDF) from the original on March 28, 2018. Retrieved March 28, 2018. Admission income of $v.4 meg and omnipresence of 793,000 were essentially at the aforementioned levels as 2016.
5. ^ "Philadelphia Museum of Art: About United states of america: Administration - Lath of Trustees". Philadelphia Museum of Fine art. Retrieved March three, 2016.
6. ^ ^{a b c} "Philadelphia Museum of Art: Virtually Us: Our Story: 1920-1930". Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved March 14, 2016.
7. ^ ^{a b} "Almost U.s.: Assistants". Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved Feb 25, 2016.
8. ^ "About Usa : Our Story : Perelman Building - Renovations and Expansion". Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved March 3, 2016.
9. ^ "About Us : Our Story : Perelman Building - Galleries & Spaces". Philadelphia Museum of Fine art. Retrieved March 3, 2016.
10. ^ "Visiting : Plan Your Visit : Historic Houses". Philadelphia Museum of Fine art. Retrieved December 18, 2017.
11. ^ ^{a b} "On View: Past Exhibitions". Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved February 25, 2016.
12. ^ ^{a b} "On View: Current Exhibitions". Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved February 25, 2016.
13. ^ The Art Newspaper, March 28, 2022
14. ^ ^{a b} "Philadelphia Museum of Art :: Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States". Glass Steel and Stone. Archived from the original on May 11, 2013. Retrieved January 28, 2014.
15. ^ ^{a b c} "The Early Decades: 1877–1900". philamuseum.org. Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved October 22, 2018.
16. ^ "About Us: Our Story: 1900-1910". philamuseum.org. Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
17. ^ "Almost Us: Our Story: 1930-1940". philamuseum.org. Philadelphia Museum of Fine art. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
18. ^ "Most Us: Our Story: 1940-1950". philamuseum.org. Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
19. ^ ^{a b c} "An Overview of the Museum'south History". philamuseum.org. Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
20. ^ David B. Brownlee, Making a Modern Classic: The Architecture of the Philadelphia Museum of Art (Philadelphia Museum of Art, 1997), pp. 60–61, 72–73.
21. ^ Tatman, Sandra L. "Abele, Julian Francis (1881 - 1950) Architect". philadelphiabuildings.org. The Archives of Philadelphia. Retrieved March 24, 2017.
22. ^ "Julian Francis Abele (1881-1950): First African American graduate of the Schoolhouse of Fine Arts". design.upenn.edu. Academy of Pennsylvania School of Design. Retrieved March 24, 2017.
23. ^ "Galleries and Gardens: Discover blossoming works of art in Philadelphia'southward green spaces". With Art Philadelphia. Archived from the original on Apr x, 2016. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
24. ^ Samuels, Tanyanika (June 2, 2011). "Bronx street rename for civic's own sculptor Carl Paul Jennewein". The New York Daily News. p. 31. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
25. ^ Lowey, Nita G. "New York: C. Paul Jennewein, Sculptor (Local Legacies: Celebrating Community Roots - Library of Congress)". Retrieved March 28, 2016.
26. ^ Jean Sutherland Boggs records, from Philadelphia Museum of Art.
27. ^ Evan H. Turner records, from Philadelphia Museum of Art.
28. ^ "Arnold H. Jolles Records", Philadelphia Museum of Art Archives, Accessed online Apr 16, 2017.
29. ^ Henri Gabriel Mareau Director records, from Philadelphia Museum of Art.
30. ^ "Our Story: 1920 – 1930", Philadelphia Museum of Art, Accessed Apr 16, 2017.
31. ^ Langdon Warner records, from Philadelphia Museum of Art.
32. ^ Edwin Atlee Hairdresser records, from Philadelphia Museum of Art.
33. ^ Dalton Dorr records, from Philadelphia Museum of Art.
34. ^ ^{a b} "Constance H. Williams Announces Leslie A. Miller as Her Successor every bit the Museum'south Board of Trustees Chair". Constance H. Williams Announces Leslie A. Miller as Her Successor as the Museum'south Board of Trustees Chair . Retrieved August 1, 2020.
35. ^ "Philadelphia Museum of Art: Nigh". ARTINFO. 2008. Archived from the original on December 10, 2008. Retrieved July 29, 2008.
36. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions: What does the Museum's collection include?" (archive). philamuseum.org. Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
37. ^ "Philadelphia Museum of Art - Information : Press Room : Press Releases : 2004". Philamuseum.org. September 27, 2004. Archived from the original on February 2, 2014. Retrieved January 28, 2014.
38. ^ "PMA press release". Philamuseum.org. Dec 16, 1999. Retrieved January 28, 2014.
39. ^ Carl Otto Kretzschmar von Kienbusch and the Collecting of Artillery and Armor in America, Donald J. LaRocca, Philadelphia Museum of Art Bulletin, Vol. 81, No. 345, Kienbusch Centennial (Winter, 1985), pp. 2+iv-24, doi:10.2307/3795448
40. ^ Armor Drove at arthistorians.info.
41. ^ "On View: Past Exhibitions: 2005 - Salvador Dalí". Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
42. ^ "On View: Past Exhibitions: 2009 - Cézanne and Beyond". Philadelphia Museum of Fine art. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
43. ^ "On View: Past Exhibitions: 2010 - Late Renoir". Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
44. ^ "On View: By Exhibitions: 2012 - Van Gogh Upwardly Close". Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
45. ^ "On View: By Exhibitions: 2014 - Picasso Prints: Myths, Minotaurs, and Muses". Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved December 22, 2017.
46. ^ "On View: Past Exhibitions: 2016 - Audubon to Warhol: The Art of American Withal Life". Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved December 22, 2017.
47. ^ "On View: By Exhibitions: 2017 - American Watercolor in the Age of Homer and Sargent". Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved December 22, 2017.
48. ^ "The Duchamp Family". Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved Dec thirty, 2020.
49. ^ "Jasper Johns: Mind/Mirror". Philadelphia Museum of Fine art. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
50. ^ Cummings, Sinead. "Jasper Johns exhibition to be split between Philadelphia and New York". www.phillyvoice.com . Retrieved March 30, 2020.
51. ^ "Bruce Nauman: Topological Gardens", Philadelphia Museum of Art, Accessed May fourteen, 2017.
52. ^ Pogrebin, Robin (October 19, 2006). "Philadelphia Museum Job Sends Gehry Underground". New York Times.
53. ^ ^{a b} PMA web site "Primary Plan", accessed, May 10, 2012
54. ^ "Frank Gehry's Quiet Intervention at the Philadelphia Museum of Art", Programme Philly, Accessed May 14, 2017.
55. ^ Romero, Melissa. "5 Ways the Philadelphia Museum of Fine art will look different in 2020", Curbed Philadelphia, Accessed May 14, 2017.
56. ^ ^{a b c d} Cascone, Sarah. "Philadelphia Museum of Art Aims to Raise $525 Meg for Frank Gehry Designed Expansion", Artnet, Accessed May 14, 2017.
57. ^ Associated Printing (November 22, 2011). "Philly museum starts Gehry expansion". The states TODAY . Retrieved May 11, 2012.
58. ^ Gehry architectural model, from Philadelphia Magazine, June 26, 2014.
59. ^ Heller: "If y'all're going to hire Gehry, Allow's exercise Gehry," Philadelphia Mag, August 11, 2014.
60. ^ Gehry section through museum, Philadelphia Magazine, July 2, 2014.
61. ^ The Rocky Statue and the Rocky Steps visitphilly.com, accessed June 17, 2011.
62. ^ 10 Virtually Famous Movie Locations Screen Junkies
63. ^ Avery, Ron. "Philadelphia Oddities - Rocky Statue". Independence Hall Association. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
64. ^ Holzman, Laura (2013). "Rocky". Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
65. ^ Live 8 Philadelphia (scroll downward), Archive.org, July 2, 2005
66. ^ The Philadelphia Freedom Concert, Annal.org, July iv, 2005
67. ^ The Philadelphia Liberty Ball, Annal.org, July 4, 2005
68. ^ "Festival of Families" (archive). worldmeeting2015.org. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
69. ^ Jim Yardley and Daniel J. Wakin (September 26, 2015). "At Independence Hall, Pope Offers a Broad Vision of Religious Freedom" (annal). nytimes.com. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
70. ^ "The Pope's Visit to Philadelphia" (archive). visitphilly.com. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
71. ^ Eric Levenson and David Williams (Feb 8, 2018). "Eagles fans flock to Philadelphia streets for Super Bowl parade" (archive). cnn.com. Retrieved March 27, 2018.

External links [edit]

• Official website
• Google Fine art Project, more than 200 images of the museum's paintings and other artwork
• List at Philadelphia Architects and Buildings, including more than than 800 images, by and large of the main building's construction

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